2016 台湾スマートグリッド 技術産業紹介

台湾スマートグリッド産業は第一、第二期エネルギー国家型科学技術計画スマートグリッド主軸計画を推進することで、台湾スマートグリッド産業協会の統計によると、スマートグリッド製品の総販売金額は2009年の21.09億台湾ドルから2014年の169.51億台湾ドルに増え、スマートグリッド製品の販売総額は毎年平均51.71％の成長率で成長を続けている。台湾国内のスマートグリッドの発展は科技部第一、第二期NEP(National Energy Plane)計画に含まれる第一、第二期スマートグリッドスピンドルプロジェクト、並びに経済部の指導の下に、国内産学研機関が各自、設置や実証実験に参加しており、台湾スマートグリッド技術並びにエネルギー産業の発展成果を示しております。上記のスマートグリッド実証実験は以下に分けられます：1. スマートメーター読み取り及びユーザーエネルギー管理システム。2. スマート送配電並びにマイクログリッドシステム。3.仮想発電所(VPP)統合システム。

2016 台湾スマートグリッド 技術産業紹介



2016 台湾スマートグリッド 技術産業紹介 (パンフレット)

2016 The Development of Smart Grid Industry and Technology in Taiwan

Driven by Smart Grid Focus Center of Phase I and II of the National Energy Program (NEP-I,II), TSGIA statistics indicated that total sales of smart grid products grew from NT$2.109 billion in 2009 to NT$16.951 billion in 2014. Total sales of smart grid-related products are growing at a CAGR of 51.72%.

Lead by Smart Grid Focus Center of Phase I and II of the National Energy Program and Ministry of Economic Affairs’ Development of Energy Information and Communication Technology, domestic industry, university and academy have either set or involved in various smart grid demonstration sites in Taiwan and overseas that display the accomplishment and capabilities of smart grid technologies in Taiwan. Aforementioned demonstration sites can be divided into 3 categories which are 1) Smart Metering and User Energy Management System, 2) Smart Transmission and Distribution and Micro Grid System, 3) Virtual Power Plant Integration System.

2016 The Development of Smart Grid Industry and Technology in Taiwan



2016 The Development of Smart Grid Industry and Technology in Taiwan (brochure)

2016台灣智慧電網技術產業介紹

台灣智慧電網產業在第一、二期能源國家型科技計畫智慧電網主軸計畫推動下，根據台灣智慧型電網產業協會統計顯示，我國智慧型電網產品內外銷總銷售金額由2009年之新台幣21.09億元，成長至2014年之新台幣169.51億元，智慧電網相關產品銷售總額每年平均成長率約51.72%，國內外市場之銷售呈現穩定成長趨勢。國內智慧電網發展在科技部能源國家型科技計畫第一、二期智慧電網主軸專案計畫與經濟部能源資通訊技術發展帶動下，國內產學研單位已於國內外建置或參與40處智慧電網示範，展現國內智慧電網技術產業發展成果與能量。前述智慧電網示範場域主要可分為智慧讀表及用戶能源管理系統、智慧輸配電與微電網系統、虛擬電廠整合系統等三大類。

2016台灣智慧電網技術產業介紹



2016台灣智慧電網技術產業介紹 (小手冊)

Study on the Promotion Method of Smart Grid Integration in Smart Cities (SDEWES2016.0047)

This study is aimed to analyze the development trends of the integration of a smart low-carbon city and virtual power plant technology, propose the promotion strategies for smart grid in urban areas, analyze the conditions and opportunities for Taipei City to develop a smart grid, and finally introduce the phase zero smart grid plan for Xinglong Public Housing in Taipei City.

Analysis of Levelized Cost of Kuroshio Energy in Taiwan (SDEWES2016.0024)

Taiwan is surrounded by sea with 1,566 km of coastline. A primary assessment of marine energy that incorporates the energy reserves, derivative economic benefit, cleanness and sustainability, energy stability, and cost competitiveness shows that wave energy, thermoelectric energy, and marine current energy have the greatest potential for development in Taiwan. Among them, the fixed direction of current flow gives it a great deal of potential for power generation, and thus it has started to draw attention in many counties. The Kuroshio off the east coast of Taiwan is part of the global ocean current system. If ocean current power generation technology can be successfully developed, its power generation efficiency would be greater than that of intermittent energy such as solar and wind. Power generation from the Kuroshio can provide the base load electricity in Taiwan, increasing Taiwan’s self-sufficiency rate and safety of energy. However, the initial phase of developing the Kuroshio power generation in Taiwan requires huge capital investment, and issues such as economic benefit and market competitiveness must be considered.

The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for natural gas-fired in the main island of Taiwan is about 3.6 NTD/kWh, and the average cost of electricity in Green Island (one of Taiwan's Offshore Islands) is about 13.5 NTD/kWh. In order to let Kuroshio power be competitive in market, this report presents an analysis of the LCOE for the development of Kuroshio power generation under three different scenario in Taiwan, 2MW, 30MW and 110 MW scenario respectively. Based on the scenario analysis of Taiwan's first 30MW Kuroshio power demonstration farm development, the LCOE is around 4.86-11.17 NTD/kWh at a discount rate of 15%, which is still higher than TaiPower's natural gas power generation cost of 3.57 NTD/kWh. In order to increase the industry’s willing to invest in Kuroshio power development, it is necessary to have the support from the government. Taiwan government could formulate marine spatial planning properly, doing preliminary investigation to zone the area suitable for Kuroshio power development, it would reduce more project cost.

The Smart Grid Technology Development Strategy of Taiwan (IEEE Smart Grid Webinar)

The Smart Grid Technology Development Strategy of Taiwan presented by Dr. Yenhaw Chen
Date 2016-08-04

TSGIA Interview at ASUW16 - Taiwan's Smart Grid Evolution

The future of Taiwan’s smart grid Interview with Chen Yenhaw, Deputy Secretary-General, Taiwan Smart Grid Association. By Jasmine Gan. 5 AUG 2019

"Smart grid” has already become old news in Taiwan. Installation of smart meters in residential and industrial systems alike are proceeding at a rapid pace, with 200,000 new smart meters installed every year by Taipower, Taiwan’s monopoly utility provider. By the end of the year, half of the island will be equipped with smart meters: a total of 6 million installations.

“Installation is not so important now,” says Chen Yen-haw, Deputy Secretary-General of the Taiwan Smart Grid Association. Instead, current research in Taiwan on smart grid has moved to focus on commercial application of the technology. With major changes in Taiwan’s energy landscape, including the recent liberalisation of their renewable energy market and President Tsai’s nuclear-free homeland policy, the challenge will be how to best adapt the mature tech for their purposes. According to Chen, Taiwan’s new priorities will be on developing strategies for demand-side management, refining battery storage solutions, and further innovation in business models.

Demand-side management

Widespread adoption of smart grid tech has led to two major changes in Taiwan, says Chen. The first has been the ability to engage in demand-side management, as smart meters and real-time data make it possible to manage energy demand through price signals.

Recently, Taipower introduced tiered pricing, where participating customers can receive discounted tariffs for off-peak use of energy to encourage energy conservation during peak hours. Another innovative demand-side management strategy is to create a “virtual account” for customers, who can join in groups of 10 to work together to lower their aggregate electricity use in peak hours.

Energy shortage has become a major challenge for the island as Taiwan shifts away from nuclear power, and efforts to conserve energy through demand-side management could help mitigate that.

The rise of the prosumer

The second impact of smart grid adoption has been the greater control of customers over their own energy consumption. “Now customers can choose from different suppliers, different tariffs, different pricing,” says Chen. “Since we opened our energy market in renewables, there will be new renewable retailers and developers.”

Residential solar systems are becoming more common, as the widespread installation of smart inverters allow customers to store and manage energy generated from their own solar panels. These prosumers, customers who consume and produce their own electricity, are a growing presence in Taiwan’s energy market, according to Chen. In Taipei City, a virtual power plant system has been developed to allow prosumers to contribute surplus electricity from their home solar system back to the grid.

For Taiwanese communities living in remote islands, the government has subsidised installation of smart micro-grid systems that integrate renewable energy sources. The mix of solar, wind and diesel energy sources ensure a stable electricity supply despite distance from the central grid. On the remote Qimei Island, 43% of the inhabitants’ energy is now supplied by renewable energy through the smart micro-grid. “The micro-grid technology is very mature now,” says Chen.

But is Taiwan close to moving away from fossil fuels entirely? The main driving force of the recent uptake of renewable energy is the dropping cost of wind and solar systems, says Chen. However, the battery storage for renewables needs further refining. “The efficiency of solar increases by 1-2% every year,” explains Chen. “But the battery system is still not mature enough for real commercial application.” There will need to be a breakthrough in storage solutions before renewables can replace fossil fuels in Taiwan.

A future for energy trading

More development on the business side could lead to truly innovative applications of the advanced technology. Chen envisions cooperation between governments, private sector actors and consumers to come up with ways to utilise smart grid solutions.

A recent example is the collaboration between Taiwan Smart Grid Association and Gogoro, an electric scooter manufacturer, to create a smart grid from its scooter battery charging stations. With charging stations every 1.3km in Taipei, the company provides electricity to the grid when the solar-powered stations are not being used to charge batteries. “Five years ago, the scooter manufacturers came to my office and told me they were building a massive battery system,” Chen recounts. “I told them from the power system’s perspective, we will have the need.”

The cooperation need not be managed by the government. “I’m not really a guy who is familiar with scooters,” says Chen. “But we worked together. It was a bottom-up, multi-disciplinary process.”

Chen envisions that in the future, similar models for energy trading across private power sources and public power plants will be possible through a common platform for the whole country. “A platform like this could be the future for the whole power system,” says Chen.

This kind of multi-industry, multi-actor conversation is already beginning to happen. Taiwan’s adoption of smart grid has opened up new doors for further innovation.

台灣大規模布建太陽光電之挑戰-以虛擬電廠模式提升再生能源利用作法

因應未來非核家園與溫室氣體減量目標，新政府能源政策將擴大太陽光電及離岸風電等再生能源利用，並加速智慧電網與電表佈建。2025年前推廣太陽光電20GW(屋頂3GW / 地面型 17GW)、風力發電4.2GW(陸上1.2GW、離岸3GW)，屆時再生能源將佔總發電容量的53.1%，總發電量的18.5%。800萬民生用戶建置智慧電表連結智慧電網。大規模推廣太陽光電主要限制在可使用面積或可裝置建築數量，台灣地狹人稠，如何持續提供可設置太陽光電板所需面積，為大規模推廣太陽光電最重要挑戰。參考先進國家再生能源推廣經驗，隨著太陽能發電與風力發電等裝置容量增加，電網對間歇性發電的可接納容量也將使再生能源的擴大利用產生限制。隨著再生能源與儲能成本下降，用戶自發自用意願上升，如何利用智慧電網建立商業模式及配套制度，擴大需量管理、分散式電源、儲能整合系統進入電力市場，為再生能源納入台灣能源供應體系急需發展方向。

台灣發展黑潮發電之均化成本分析

台灣四面環海，以能源蘊藏量、衍生性經濟效益、潔淨永續、能源穩定性以及成本競爭性對海洋能源進行初步評估，則波浪、溫差與洋流能最具有發展性。其中，洋流的流向固定，發電潛能大，在許多國家開始受到關注。台灣東部海域的黑潮即為全球洋流系統的一環，若能成功開發洋流發電技術，則發電效益較太陽能、風力等間歇性能源佳的黑潮發電將有望成為我國基載電力，提升能源自給率及安全性。然而台灣開發黑潮發電前期需投入龐大資金，需要考慮經濟效益以及市場競爭力，故本研究將分析台灣發展黑潮發電之均化成本以及各成本區塊之比例，以探討成本下降之可能性。

國際海流發電產業發展現況

目前國際上已有多國投入海流發電相關計畫，許多廠商也開始研發設計海流發電機及相關設備，國內亦有廠商投入此一行列。台灣沿岸的黑潮屬於溫鹽環流，為具有環境優勢的潔淨能源，且因不需要燃料供應，是國內少數具規模的自主能源，且黑潮有穩定、高容量因子的特性，用以發電具備作為基載電力的條件。有鑑於此，本文針對全球海流發電產業技術推動現況進行探討，提供我國相關產業發展之參考。

Smart Grid Technology Development Strategy of Taiwan

Taiwan's power system is a large, centralized system with its main sources of power comprising thermal and nuclear (accounting for 94 percent of total generating capacity), and a few hydro and renewable energy sources (RER) (accounting for 4.5 percent of total generating capacity). The system is characterized by large generator units and concentrated loading. Due to the long distances between the power plants and users, all electricity generated is transmitted over power lines and passed through substations before being supplied to users resulting in certain amounts of energy loss (line loss was approximately 4.59 percent in 2013).



Smart Grid Technology Development Strategy of Taiwan

智慧城市整合智慧電網推動模式研究

低碳智慧城市是以低碳經濟為發展模式及方向、酌以低碳生活為理念，進行城市各項基礎建設的規劃、設計、建設與營運，整合電力、瓦斯等能源和交通、物流與公共服務達成效率化、障礙排除和節省能源的複合式服務，提升市民生活與經濟福利，邁向永續發展的低碳社會。智慧電網是未來智慧城市資訊網絡中最重要的資訊整合與傳遞基礎建設，利用各種低碳能源整合發展虛擬電廠，將可提供動力維持城市創新與活力，建構高品質的生活環境。

台灣未來能源需求將持續成長，隨著產業朝向高值化，民眾生活水準提升，電力占總能源需求比例逐年增加，電力對於經濟發展與社會安定的重要性，將持續上升。都會區負載集中、電力需求急速成長，然而配電及變電設施因路權和居民的反對而無法擴建，產生即使有發電容量也無法傳送電力的區域限電問題，造成地區性供電瓶頸。本文將分析智慧低碳城市與虛擬電廠技術整合發展趨勢，提出都會區智慧電網推動策略，並以台北市為例，分析台北市推動智慧電網的條件與機會，最後並介紹台北市興隆公共住宅智慧電網第零期計畫。

電動車發展趨勢與營運模式探討

一. 電動車發展背景
二. 國際間電動車推廣措施與示範
三. 國際電動車技術產業發展趨勢
四. 國內電動車產業現況
五. 國內電動車推廣措施
六. 電動車充電設備營運模式
七. 電動車營運模式探討
八. 都會私人低碳交通運輸新概念
九. 總結



第6屆台灣國際電動車展 (2016 EV Taiwan)

台灣智慧電網技術發展與推動策略

行政院於2012年核定將智慧電網列入「國家節能減碳總計畫」標竿計畫，籌組跨部會「智慧電網推動小組」全力推動智慧電網。在政策規劃方面由經濟部能源局協助進行智慧電網整體規劃(Smart Grid Master Plan)。系統技術開發、先導測試計畫、推廣建置、制度研究、系統測試平台工作由能源國家型科技計畫智慧電網主軸專案計畫推動規劃進行[1]。

智慧電網主軸專案計畫目的即在針對電力系統與產業所面臨之挑戰，擬定整體發展策略與進行方式，提出具體有效的行動方案，達成「提升能源安全、改善溫氣排放、開創能源產業」願景，並發展我國電力設備產業，協助建立高品質、高效率、以用戶為導向和環境友善的電力網路系統。第一期智慧電網主軸專案計畫執行期間為2010~2013年[2]，期間完成推動國內18座智慧電網示範場域之設置，國內智慧電網相關產品海內外銷售總額每年亦持續穩定成長；第二期計畫於2014年展開，為期5年，預計每年投入研發經費約新台幣2.5億元[3]，在配合台電公司智慧電網相關技術需求與建置時程下，除持續開發新系統與相關技術，並將針對第一期開發之技術進行整體技術驗證及推動技術商品化。本文將介紹智慧電網主軸專案計畫於整體智慧電網推動定位、第一期計畫階段性成果與第二期計畫推動策略。

台灣離岸風力及海洋能源技術產業發展展望

台灣四面環海位處於熱帶與亞熱帶氣候區，海底地形以及海洋環境相當特殊，擁有世界一級的離岸風場與豐富的海洋資源。據經濟部能源局初步評估，我國5~20公尺水深離岸風力可開發容量約1.2 GW，而離岸風力發電可開發容量約5GW。因此，本文將介紹台灣離岸風力及海洋能源發展方向，及其產業技術推動現況，並提出發展策略與重點建議供各界參考。