台灣目前依循國際溫室氣體管理準則，建立完善的溫室氣體盤查及再生能源憑證制度基礎。此外，透過前述制度之相輔相成，不但可提升產業使用再生能源的意願，也可促進再生能源發展。透過再生能源憑證追蹤系統和溫室氣體盤查平台連結，可以完整地追蹤、紀錄企業取得再生能源憑證到宣告再生能源憑證使用於溫室氣體盤查的歷程，滿足溫室氣體盤查管理所需的資訊相關性及完整性要求。隨著未來自願性再生能源市場發展，為滿足不同類型、規模企業使用再生能源的需求，須持續多元化企業取得及使用再生能源方式，可預期台灣再生能源憑證制度將持續精進。建議在未來制度發展過程中，需隨時審視台灣再生能源憑證與溫室氣體盤查議定書範疇二指引所設定之範籌二品質準則的一致性，確保整體制度之相關性、完整性、一致性、透明度及準確性。
Thursday, February 14, 2019
美國社區選擇權整合方案機制介紹
自願性再生能源市場係指用戶因自身能源使用策略或環境保護，非考量經濟效益或受法律所規範而自願性購買再生能源。由於再生能源等潔淨能源科技對於企業已經可提供例如環境效益、價格穩定等各式各樣的利益，在新市場中對於購買再生能源的興趣正在興起。配合再生能源憑證制度的推行，美國目前之自願性再生能源交易市場包含公用電力事業綠色定價方案、公用電力事業綠色費率方案、競爭型綠能供應商、電證分離之再生能源憑證、社區選擇權整合方案(Community choice aggregation)、自願性購電合約(Voluntary Power Purchase Agreements)與社區太陽能計畫(Community solar)等七種綠能交易機制。
社區選擇權整合方案 (Community Choice Aggregation, CCA)，又被稱為社區能源選擇方案(Community Choice Energy, CCE)，是美國目前自願性再生能源交易市場的一種綠能交易機制，其做法是透過整合社區用戶對其電力來源的選擇權向電力供應商購買電力。社區選擇權整合方案 (Community Choice Aggregation, CCA)，又被稱為社區能源選擇方案(Community Choice Energy, CCE)，是美國目前自願性再生能源交易市場的一種綠能交易機制，其做法是透過整合社區用戶對其電力來源的選擇權向電力供應商購買電力。
《電業法》修正條文已於2017年1月26日總統府公布實施，《電業法》採二階段修法，第一階段先推動綠電自由化及電網公共化，後續待相關運作及機制成熟後，再啟動第二次修法，期藉由循序漸進推動電業改革及能源轉型，逐步完成電業自由化，落實推動我國綠色產業發展。本文介紹美國社區選擇權整合方案的運作方式、推動現況及推動課題，供國內未來推動電業改革及能源轉型，逐步完成電業自由化參考。
社區選擇權整合方案 (Community Choice Aggregation, CCA)，又被稱為社區能源選擇方案(Community Choice Energy, CCE)，是美國目前自願性再生能源交易市場的一種綠能交易機制，其做法是透過整合社區用戶對其電力來源的選擇權向電力供應商購買電力。社區選擇權整合方案 (Community Choice Aggregation, CCA)，又被稱為社區能源選擇方案(Community Choice Energy, CCE)，是美國目前自願性再生能源交易市場的一種綠能交易機制，其做法是透過整合社區用戶對其電力來源的選擇權向電力供應商購買電力。
《電業法》修正條文已於2017年1月26日總統府公布實施，《電業法》採二階段修法，第一階段先推動綠電自由化及電網公共化，後續待相關運作及機制成熟後，再啟動第二次修法，期藉由循序漸進推動電業改革及能源轉型，逐步完成電業自由化，落實推動我國綠色產業發展。本文介紹美國社區選擇權整合方案的運作方式、推動現況及推動課題，供國內未來推動電業改革及能源轉型，逐步完成電業自由化參考。
Local green power trade an example for others
On Jan. 23, Google announced that it would purchase the output of a 10 megawatt solar array in southern Taiwan — the company’s first renewable energy deal in Asia. The company should be congratulated for moving toward its mission to use 100 percent renewable energy in Taiwan and help with turning the nation into an example for the Asian renewable energy market.
By purchasing renewable energy, enterprises can help meet greenhouse-gas reduction goals and lower the risks posed by conventional power price fluctuations.
Internationally, enterprises mainly buy renewable energy through power purchase agreements bundled with certificates or by directly buying renewable energy certificates (REC) to fulfill their commitment to run their businesses on renewable energy.
A 2017 amendment to the Electricity Act (電業法) added the terms “renewable energy-based electricity generating enterprises” and “green energy-based electricity retailing enterprises,” opening “direct supply” and “wheeling” of green power, which permitted non-utility companies to directly buy renewable energy via green energy-based electricity retailers.
In October of the same year, the Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection, part of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, promulgated the Implementation Regulations Governing Voluntary Renewable Energy Certificates (自願性再生能源憑證實施辦法) to build an REC system in Taiwan.
Local enterprises can obtain renewable energy certificates through free trade in green power via these channels so that they can fulfill their commitments or meet demands made during environmental impact assessments.
The certificates, known as Taiwan-RECs, are applicable to greenhouse gas inventories, the Carbon Disclosure Project, and domestic and international corporate social responsibility reports, such as the one conducted annually by Global Views Monthly.
An analysis of information about the participants in local renewable energy certificate trading and the past green power purchase mechanism shows that demand for renewable energy is highest in the computer and telecommunications industries, electronics manufacturing, and the financial and insurance sectors.
Take Apple’s information and telecommunications supply chain for example: Guided by its commitment to gradually switch to 100 percent renewable energy, all the businesses in its supply chain might feel pressure to use green energy.
Due to a trend in international finance toward socially responsible or sustainable investments, the financial and insurance sectors have also started to increase the percentage of renewable energy they use to build a positive image. These sectors are all potential clients that might take part in domestic voluntary renewable energy trading.
Google’s proposed renewable energy purchase in Taiwan represents recognition not only of the nation’s renewable energy use, but also of the government’s green power policy and trade system. In addition to Google, Facebook’s data center in Singapore also plans to power its operations with 100 percent renewable energy.
Taiwan’s experience in developing a local renewable energy trade system could serve as a reference for other Asian countries.
As the world moves toward more renewable energy use, a renewable energy market has taken shape in Taiwan. Are local enterprises ready to follow this new trend?」
Chen Yen-haw is the deputy director of Research Division 1 at the Taiwan Institute of Economic Research.
Translated by Eddy Chang
Local green power trade an example for others
By purchasing renewable energy, enterprises can help meet greenhouse-gas reduction goals and lower the risks posed by conventional power price fluctuations.
Internationally, enterprises mainly buy renewable energy through power purchase agreements bundled with certificates or by directly buying renewable energy certificates (REC) to fulfill their commitment to run their businesses on renewable energy.
A 2017 amendment to the Electricity Act (電業法) added the terms “renewable energy-based electricity generating enterprises” and “green energy-based electricity retailing enterprises,” opening “direct supply” and “wheeling” of green power, which permitted non-utility companies to directly buy renewable energy via green energy-based electricity retailers.
In October of the same year, the Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection, part of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, promulgated the Implementation Regulations Governing Voluntary Renewable Energy Certificates (自願性再生能源憑證實施辦法) to build an REC system in Taiwan.
Local enterprises can obtain renewable energy certificates through free trade in green power via these channels so that they can fulfill their commitments or meet demands made during environmental impact assessments.
The certificates, known as Taiwan-RECs, are applicable to greenhouse gas inventories, the Carbon Disclosure Project, and domestic and international corporate social responsibility reports, such as the one conducted annually by Global Views Monthly.
An analysis of information about the participants in local renewable energy certificate trading and the past green power purchase mechanism shows that demand for renewable energy is highest in the computer and telecommunications industries, electronics manufacturing, and the financial and insurance sectors.
Take Apple’s information and telecommunications supply chain for example: Guided by its commitment to gradually switch to 100 percent renewable energy, all the businesses in its supply chain might feel pressure to use green energy.
Due to a trend in international finance toward socially responsible or sustainable investments, the financial and insurance sectors have also started to increase the percentage of renewable energy they use to build a positive image. These sectors are all potential clients that might take part in domestic voluntary renewable energy trading.
Google’s proposed renewable energy purchase in Taiwan represents recognition not only of the nation’s renewable energy use, but also of the government’s green power policy and trade system. In addition to Google, Facebook’s data center in Singapore also plans to power its operations with 100 percent renewable energy.
Taiwan’s experience in developing a local renewable energy trade system could serve as a reference for other Asian countries.
As the world moves toward more renewable energy use, a renewable energy market has taken shape in Taiwan. Are local enterprises ready to follow this new trend?」
Chen Yen-haw is the deputy director of Research Division 1 at the Taiwan Institute of Economic Research.
Translated by Eddy Chang
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